Concepts and Methods in Infectious Disease SurveillanceConcepts and Methods in Infectious Disease Surveillance Edited by Nkuchia M. Mikanatha Surveillance Epidemiologist, Pennsylvania Department of Health, Harrisburg, PA, USA John K. Iskander CAPT, United States Public Health Service, Senior Medical Consultant, Office of the Associate Director for Science, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA Infectious disease surveillance has evolved at an extraordinary pace during the past