Caliphs and KingsThe last twenty five years have seen a renaissance of research and writing on Spanish history. Caliphs and Kings offers a formidable synthesis of existing knowledge as well as an investigation into new historical thinking, perspectives, and methods. The nearly three hundred year rule of the Umayyad dynasty in Spain (7561031) has been hailed by many as an era of unprecedented harmony and mutual tolerance between the three great religious faiths in the