Authorship and Aesthetics in the Cinematography of Gregg Toland:In this three part book length study of the work of Gregg Toland, Philip Cowan explores approaches to co authorship in collaborative filmmaking to propose new ways of identifying, attributing, and evaluating the creative work of cinematographers. In the first part of the study, Cowan challenges the dominant, director centered auteur approach to film studies, critiquing the historical development of authorship theory and providing a contemporary